Training Budweiser Clydesdales is not merely about teaching horses to pull a wagon or march in formation. It is a long, intricate, and deeply demanding process that blends tradition, discipline, and a unique relationship between humans and animals. These magnificent draft horses, known for their imposing size and iconic presence, represent not just a brand, but a legacy. Every appearance they make—in parades, commercials, or public exhibitions—reflects hundreds of hours of meticulous preparation, care, and devotion.
The Legacy Behind the Horses
Before delving into the training process itself, it’s essential to understand what the Budweiser Clydesdales represent. First introduced to the public in 1933 to celebrate the repeal of Prohibition, the Clydesdales became a living symbol of the Anheuser-Busch brewing company. Over time, they evolved into cultural icons, known as much for their grandeur and beauty as for their discipline and coordination.
The breed itself, originating from Scotland, is known for strength and docility—traits that make them suitable for this prestigious role. But even the best genetic potential needs years of refinement to meet the strict performance and behavioral standards required of a Budweiser Clydesdale.
Selection: Where Training Begins
The journey begins with careful selection. Not all Clydesdales are chosen for Budweiser’s teams. To be considered, a horse must meet specific criteria. It must be a gelding (castrated male), stand at least 18 hands high (around 6 feet at the shoulder), weigh approximately 2,000 pounds, and display the right coloring—typically bay with white markings on the face, legs, and feet, along with a black mane and tail. Temperament is equally crucial. Only those with a calm and friendly disposition are selected.
Once a horse meets these criteria, it becomes a candidate for training. However, being chosen is just the beginning. What follows is a rigorous, multi-year training process that transforms a young, inexperienced horse into a poised and responsive performer.
Early Training and Socialization
The initial phase of training focuses on socialization and basic handling. Young Clydesdales are introduced to human contact early, which helps them become comfortable with the attention and grooming they’ll experience daily. Trainers and handlers use gentle methods to build trust. This foundation is critical; without a strong bond, training cannot progress effectively.
Horses begin learning to walk calmly on a lead, respond to their names, and accept wearing halters and harnesses. They are gradually exposed to different environments—barns, open fields, training arenas—to help them adapt to various stimuli. This stage is essential for building confidence and resilience, especially considering the noisy, crowded settings they will eventually perform in.
Developing Discipline and Obedience
Once the horses are comfortable with basic commands and handling, the training intensifies. The focus shifts to obedience and responsiveness. Trainers teach the horses to respond to subtle cues—slight movements of the reins, voice commands, and body language. This level of sensitivity takes time and consistency to develop.
Daily routines are established. Horses are exercised to build strength and stamina, often involving pulling weighted sleds or wagons to simulate the conditions of parade routes. They also practice standing still for extended periods, learning to maintain composure amidst distractions like loud noises, clapping, music, and even sudden movements.
A key aspect of their discipline training is desensitization. The horses are gradually introduced to sights and sounds they might encounter on the road: honking horns, clapping crowds, fireworks, and bustling cityscapes. The goal is to ensure they remain calm and unshaken, regardless of their environment. A startled Clydesdale, due to its sheer size and power, could be dangerous in a public setting. Hence, their unshakable demeanor is not just impressive—it’s necessary.
Mastering Coordination and Teamwork
Perhaps the most challenging component of their training is teaching the horses to move in unison. Budweiser’s hitch teams consist of eight horses arranged in pairs. The entire formation must move smoothly, with perfect timing, balance, and alignment. Achieving this harmony is no small feat.
Trainers start by pairing horses together, typically matching personalities and paces. Each horse has a designated position—lead, swing, or wheel—and each position requires a different skill set. Lead horses need alertness and initiative, as they set the pace. Wheel horses, closest to the wagon, must be the most dependable and strong, as they manage tight turns and bear the brunt of the wagon’s weight.
Horses practice walking, trotting, and turning in formation repeatedly. They are harnessed to lightweight wagons to begin with, allowing them to get used to the feel and mechanics of pulling. Over time, the weight and complexity increase.
The synchronization is so refined that a viewer rarely notices individual movements. Instead, the entire team appears to glide in a single, fluid motion. This is the result of tireless repetition, feedback, and adjustment from experienced handlers.
The Human-Horse Relationship
At the core of this training process is a deep and mutual respect between horse and trainer. Clydesdales are intelligent animals, capable of forming strong bonds with their handlers. Trainers spend hours grooming, feeding, walking, and training each horse, building a relationship based on trust and familiarity.
This bond is especially vital when training subtle responsiveness. Horses must not only understand commands—they must want to follow them. Positive reinforcement is commonly used, and training sessions are designed to be both physically engaging and mentally stimulating. Harsh methods are avoided; instead, consistency, patience, and gentle corrections guide the learning process.
Handlers get to know each horse’s quirks and moods. They learn how each animal responds to stress, how to calm them, and what motivates them. This intimacy ensures that the horses are not only well-trained, but also emotionally supported.
Physical Care and Conditioning
Parallel to behavioral training, Clydesdales undergo physical conditioning. Their large frames require strength and stamina to perform in parades that can stretch several miles. They follow strict diets tailored to their size and activity levels. Regular veterinary check-ups, hoof care, dental work, and massages are all part of their care routine.
Their appearance is also meticulously maintained. The iconic feathering on their legs is washed and brushed regularly. Manes and tails are groomed, and their harnesses are polished before every event. Presentation is a key part of their public persona, and every detail matters.
Preparing for Performance
As horses near readiness for performance, they are introduced to the iconic red Budweiser beer wagon and the Dalmatian that traditionally rides alongside. These final touches complete their transformation from trainee to performer. They rehearse full parades, participate in smaller exhibitions, and eventually graduate to high-profile events.
Whether it’s appearing in a Super Bowl commercial or leading a holiday parade, each outing is planned carefully. Logistics teams coordinate travel, rest schedules, and stabling. Horses are rotated to prevent fatigue, ensuring they remain healthy and enthusiastic.
Lifelong Learning
Even once they are considered fully trained, Clydesdales continue to learn and adapt. New routes, changing weather conditions, and unfamiliar crowds offer ongoing opportunities to reinforce their training. Handlers remain vigilant, observing each horse for signs of stress or discomfort, and adjusting their routines as needed.
The horses typically retire from performance work in their mid-teens. Many are sent to pasture or used for breeding, while others stay involved in more relaxed public appearances. Regardless of their path, they are honored and well cared for—reflecting the esteem in which they are held by the company and public alike.
Conclusion
Training Budweiser Clydesdales is far more than teaching horses to perform—it’s about shaping living symbols of tradition, excellence, and teamwork. The process takes years, driven by patience, expertise, and unwavering dedication. From early socialization to performing in front of thousands, every Clydesdale’s journey is a testament to the bond between animal and trainer, the discipline of coordinated effort, and the enduring power of heritage.
Behind every synchronized step and every glistening harness is a story of commitment—a quiet, persistent effort that begins in the barn and culminates on the world stage. These majestic horses don’t just pull a wagon; they carry the weight of history and the pride of a nation.
